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The historic walls surrounding the city were built in the era of the Eastern Roman Empire in the 5th century. The last construction of the walls, which was restored and repaired four times over time, developed after 408 AD. These walls were the only element that protected Istanbul, which was besieged many times in history. It was even said that these walls were impossible to collapse and that Istanbul could not be conquered. In 1453, these walls, which Sultan Mehmed Han fought for a month to besiege Istanbul and tried to tear down, maintained their strength against all kinds of cannons and guns. As a result, Istanbul was occupied, but most of the walls continued to exist without being demolished. There are 50 historical gates and 300 forts on the walls, the most famous of these are Galata Walls, Historical Topkapi Walls, Golden Horn Walls and Edirnekapi Walls.
